Seizures or Convulsions: Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment

At Emirates Hospital, we understand that seizures or convulsions can be alarming and may indicate an underlying neurological condition. A seizure occurs due to abnormal electrical activity in the brain, leading to sudden, uncontrolled movements, changes in behavior, or loss of consciousness. Early diagnosis and proper treatment are essential for managing seizures effectively.

Causes of Seizures or Convulsions

Seizures can result from various neurological, metabolic, and medical conditions. Identifying the cause helps in providing the most effective treatment.

• Epilepsy: A chronic condition where recurring seizures occur due to abnormal brain activity.
• Head Injuries & Brain Trauma: Concussions, accidents, or previous brain injuries can trigger seizures.
• Stroke & Brain Tumors: Disruptions in brain function, such as blocked blood flow or abnormal growths, can lead to seizures.
• Infections & Fevers (Febrile Seizures): Meningitis, encephalitis, or high fevers in children can cause convulsions.
• Metabolic Disorders & Low Blood Sugar: Hypoglycemia, electrolyte imbalances, or kidney/liver failure can contribute to seizures.
• Medication Reactions & Withdrawal: Sudden stopping of certain medications, alcohol, or drug withdrawal can trigger seizures.

Diagnosis of Seizures or Convulsions

A thorough evaluation helps determine the underlying cause, seizure type, and appropriate treatment plan.

• Neurological Examination: Assesses brain function, motor skills, and reflexes.
• Electroencephalogram (EEG): Detects abnormal brain activity and seizure patterns.
• Imaging Tests (MRI/CT Scan): Identifies brain abnormalities, tumors, or injuries.
• Blood Tests: Checks for electrolyte imbalances, infections, and metabolic disorders.

Treatment for Seizures or Convulsions

Seizure management depends on the frequency, cause, and severity of the condition.

• Antiepileptic Medications help control abnormal brain activity and prevent recurrent seizures.
• Lifestyle Modifications & Triggers Management focus on avoiding stress, sleep deprivation, and flashing lights that can provoke seizures.
• Surgical & Neuromodulation Therapies may be recommended for drug-resistant epilepsy or structural brain abnormalities.

Related Treatments

• Celiac Disease
• Electrolyte Abnormalities
• Hydrocephalus Treatment
• Brain Cysts Surgery