Mouth Sores – Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Mouth Sores – Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment at Emirates Hospitals Group

Mouth sores refer to painful lesions that develop inside the mouth, on the tongue, gums, or lips. They can cause discomfort while eating, drinking, or speaking. Common causes include infections, trauma, nutritional deficiencies, and autoimmune conditions. While most mouth sores heal on their own, persistent or severe cases may require medical evaluation and treatment.

Causes of Mouth Sores

• Infections: Viral infections such as herpes simplex (cold sores) or hand, foot, and mouth disease can cause painful blisters. Bacterial and fungal infections may also contribute.
• Canker Sores (Aphthous Ulcers): Small, round sores inside the mouth, often triggered by stress, minor trauma, or acidic foods.
• Trauma and Irritation: Accidental biting, rough dental work, ill-fitting dentures, or excessive brushing can cause sores.
• Nutritional Deficiencies: Lack of vitamin B12, iron, or folate can contribute to recurring mouth ulcers.
• Autoimmune Conditions: Diseases like lupus, Behçet’s disease, or lichen planus can cause chronic mouth sores.
• Allergic Reactions: Sensitivity to certain foods, oral care products, or medications may lead to irritation and ulcer formation.

Diagnosis of Mouth Sores

Evaluation typically includes:

• Physical Examination: Assessing the size, location, and appearance of the sores.
• Medical History: Reviewing dietary habits, stress levels, and recent illnesses.
• Lab Tests: In cases of persistent or unexplained sores, blood tests or biopsies may be required to rule out infections or autoimmune disorders.

Treatment for Mouth Sores

Treatment depends on the cause and may include:

• Topical Treatments: Medicated gels, mouth rinses, or numbing agents to reduce pain and inflammation.
• Oral Medications: Antiviral, antibacterial, or antifungal medications for infections.
• Nutritional Supplements: If deficiencies are identified, supplements like vitamin B12 or iron may be recommended.
• Lifestyle Modifications: Avoiding spicy foods, practicing good oral hygiene, and managing stress can help prevent sores.

If mouth sores persist or worsen, a healthcare consultation at Emirates Hospitals Group is advised for further evaluation and treatment.

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