Cushing’s Syndrome

Cushing’s syndrome is a rare but serious hormonal disorder caused by prolonged exposure to elevated levels of cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands. Cortisol is essential for regulating metabolism, immune response, and stress, but excessive levels can lead to significant health complications. At Emirates Hospitals, a team of endocrinologists and specialists works collaboratively to diagnose and manage Cushing’s syndrome with precision, offering personalized treatment plans to address the underlying cause and improve patient outcomes.

Causes of Cushing’s Syndrome

Cushing’s syndrome can be classified as either endogenous or exogenous based on its cause:

• Endogenous Causes: Overproduction of cortisol by the body, often due to an adrenal gland tumor or a pituitary adenoma causing excessive adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) production (Cushing’s disease).
• Exogenous Causes: Long-term use of corticosteroid medications for conditions like asthma, arthritis, or autoimmune disorders.

Symptoms of Cushing’s Syndrome

Patients with Cushing’s syndrome often present with a distinct set of symptoms:

• Physical Changes: Weight gain, particularly around the abdomen and face (“moon face”), and thinning arms and legs.
• Skin and Bone Issues: Easy bruising, purple stretch marks, acne, and osteoporosis.
• Hormonal Imbalances: Irregular menstrual cycles in women and reduced libido in men.
• Other Symptoms: High blood pressure, fatigue, muscle weakness, and depression.

Diagnosis Options For Cushing’s Syndrome

Diagnosing Cushing’s syndrome requires a comprehensive approach, including:

• Hormonal Testing: Blood, urine, or saliva tests to measure cortisol levels.
• Imaging Studies: CT or MRI scans to detect adrenal or pituitary tumors.
• Suppression Tests: Low-dose dexamethasone suppression tests to confirm abnormal cortisol production.

Treatment Options For Cushing’s Syndrome

The treatment for Cushing’s syndrome focuses on addressing the underlying cause of cortisol overproduction:

• Medication: Drugs to block cortisol production or control ACTH secretion.
• Surgical Intervention: Removal of adrenal or pituitary tumors.
• Radiation Therapy: For tumors not fully removable by surgery.
• Lifestyle Modifications: Nutrition and physical activity plans to manage weight and improve overall health.

Treatment Areas

• Surgery: Tumor removal to address the root cause.
• Medication: Controlling excessive cortisol production.
• Lifestyle Support: Dietary and exercise guidance.
• Psychological Support: Addressing mental health impacts like anxiety or depression.