Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS): Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment

At Emirates Hospital, we understand that Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS) can be a frustrating and disruptive condition, affecting sleep quality and daily comfort. RLS is a neurological disorder that causes uncontrollable urges to move the legs, often accompanied by uncomfortable sensations, especially at night or during rest. Identifying the underlying cause and seeking proper treatment can significantly improve symptoms and overall well-being.

Causes of Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS)

Restless Leg Syndrome can be linked to neurological, genetic, and lifestyle factors. Determining the cause helps in providing effective treatment.

• Iron Deficiency & Anemia: Low iron levels affect dopamine regulation, which plays a role in movement control.
• Neurological & Dopamine Imbalance: Dysfunction in dopamine pathways may contribute to involuntary leg movements.
• Chronic Diseases (Diabetes, Kidney Disease, Parkinson’s): Conditions affecting nerves and circulation can worsen RLS symptoms.
• Pregnancy & Hormonal Changes: RLS is common during pregnancy, especially in the third trimester, but usually resolves after childbirth.
• Medication Side Effects: Certain antidepressants, antihistamines, and antipsychotic drugs can trigger or worsen symptoms.
• Sleep Deprivation & Lifestyle Factors: Poor sleep habits, excessive caffeine, and lack of physical activity may contribute to RLS episodes.

Diagnosis of Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS)

A medical evaluation helps confirm RLS and rule out other conditions that may cause similar symptoms.

• Patient History & Symptom Assessment: Identifies patterns, triggers, and severity of leg discomfort.
• Blood Tests: Checks for iron levels, kidney function, and metabolic imbalances.
• Sleep Studies (Polysomnography): Monitors leg movements during sleep and assesses sleep quality.
• Neurological Examination: Evaluates nerve function and muscle responses.

Treatment for Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS)

Treatment focuses on symptom management, improving sleep quality, and addressing underlying conditions.

• Iron supplements and dietary changes help correct deficiencies that may contribute to RLS.
• Dopamine-regulating medications aid in controlling involuntary leg movements and reducing discomfort.
• Lifestyle modifications and relaxation techniques promote better sleep and reduce symptom intensity.
• Massage therapy and stretching exercises enhance circulation and relieve muscle tension.

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