Pain that gets worse when coughing or moving – Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment

Causes:

Several factors can trigger pain that worsens with movement or coughing:

• Muscle Strains/Sprains: Injuries to muscles or ligaments in the back, chest, or abdomen can cause pain that intensifies with activities like coughing, sneezing, twisting, or lifting.
• Rib Injuries: Fractured or bruised ribs are extremely painful, with pain significantly increasing upon coughing, deep breathing, or movement.
• Herniated Disc: When the cushioning discs between vertebrae in the spine bulge or rupture, they can press on nerves, causing pain that radiates and worsens with movement, coughing, or sneezing.
• Pleurisy: Inflammation of the lining of the lungs (pleura) can cause sharp chest pain that worsens with deep breathing, coughing, or movement.
• Costochondritis: Inflammation of the cartilage that connects the ribs to the breastbone can cause chest pain that mimics a heart attack and worsens with movement, coughing, or deep breathing.
• Kidney Stones: As kidney stones move through the urinary tract, they can cause intense flank pain that radiates and worsens with movement.
• Post-Surgical Pain: Pain following surgery, especially in the chest or abdominal area, is expected and can worsen with movement and coughing.

Diagnosis:

A healthcare professional will typically diagnose the cause through:

• Physical Examination: Assessing the location, nature, and intensity of the pain, as well as any other symptoms.
• Patient History: Understanding the onset, duration, and any associated injuries or activities.
• Imaging Tests: X-rays, CT scans, or MRI scans can help visualize bones, tissues, and organs to identify fractures, disc problems, or other abnormalities.

Treatment:

Treatment depends on the underlying cause:

• Rest: Avoiding strenuous activities is crucial for healing.
• Pain Relievers: Over-the-counter or prescription medications can help manage pain.
• Ice/Heat Therapy: Applying ice or heat to the affected area can help reduce inflammation and pain.
• Physical Therapy: Exercises to improve strength, flexibility, and range of motion.
• Injections: Corticosteroid injections can reduce inflammation in some conditions.
• Surgery: May be necessary for severe fractures, herniated discs, or other structural problems.

It’s essential to consult a healthcare professional for any persistent or severe pain that worsens with coughing or movement. Prompt diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications and improve outcomes. If you experience sudden, severe chest pain, especially accompanied by shortness of breath, seek immediate medical attention.