Fever, Chills, and Night Sweats – Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment

Fever, Chills, and Night Sweats – Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment at Emirates Hospitals Group 

Overview

Fever, chills, and night sweats often occur together as symptoms of an underlying health condition. They can indicate an infection, inflammatory disorder, or other serious conditions that require attention. The combination of these symptoms is particularly concerning when persistent or accompanied by other signs, as it may suggest a more serious illness.

Causes

1. Infections – Bacterial infections like tuberculosis, endocarditis, or urinary tract infections can cause fever, chills, and night sweats. Viral infections such as HIV or mononucleosis may also cause these symptoms.
2. Malaria – This parasitic infection, commonly seen in tropical areas, is known for causing severe fever, chills, and night sweats that occur in cycles.
3. Cancer – Certain cancers, especially lymphoma or leukemia, can present with fever, chills, and night sweats, which are often referred to as “B symptoms.”
4. Autoimmune Diseases – Conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or lupus can cause fever and chills as part of an inflammatory response.
5. Hormonal Changes – Women going through menopause may experience hot flashes, night sweats, and fluctuating body temperature. Hyperthyroidism can also cause similar symptoms.
6. Medications – Certain medications, such as those used for antibiotic therapy, may cause fever, chills, and sweating as side effects.

Diagnosis

1. Medical History & Physical Exam – The doctor will review your medical history, recent travel, exposure risks, and other symptoms.
2. Blood Tests – Blood work can help identify infections, blood disorders, or markers of inflammation.
3. Imaging – X-rays, CT scans, or ultrasounds may be used to look for signs of infection or tumors.
4. Biopsy – If cancer is suspected, a biopsy may be performed to examine tissue for malignancy.

Treatment Options

• Antibiotics or Antivirals – If an infection is diagnosed, appropriate medications will be prescribed.
• Cancer Treatment – If cancer is the cause, treatment may involve chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery.
• Anti-inflammatory Medications – Drugs like NSAIDs may be prescribed for autoimmune conditions or fever management.
• Hormonal Therapy – For menopausal or thyroid-related issues, hormone therapy may be used to alleviate symptoms.

If fever, chills, and night sweats persist, it’s important to seek medical attention to identify the underlying cause and begin appropriate treatment.

Related Treatments

• Hematology