Feeling Off Balance – Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment

Feeling Off Balance – Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment at Emirates Hospitals Group

Overview

A sensation of being “off balance” can feel like dizziness, lightheadedness, or a loss of coordination. This symptom can be alarming, as it may indicate problems with the inner ear, brain, or cardiovascular system. Identifying the underlying cause is essential for determining the appropriate treatment and managing the symptom effectively.

Causes

1. Vestibular Disorders – Issues with the inner ear, such as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) or Meniere’s disease, can cause balance problems.
2. Labyrinthitis or Vestibular Neuritis – Infections affecting the inner ear can lead to sudden dizziness and balance issues.
3. Low Blood Pressure – A sudden drop in blood pressure, especially when standing up, can cause dizziness or a feeling of unsteadiness.
4. Neurological Conditions – Disorders like Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, or a stroke can affect balance due to issues with the brain’s coordination and motor control.
5. Dehydration or Low Blood Sugar – These conditions can cause dizziness and unsteadiness, often accompanied by weakness.
6. Anxiety and Stress – Psychological factors can lead to feelings of dizziness or lightheadedness, especially in stressful situations.

Diagnosis

1. Medical History & Physical Examination – A doctor will ask about symptoms, medical conditions, and any recent changes in health or medications.
2. Balance and Coordination Tests – Tests such as the Romberg test, gait analysis, and head impulse test can assess balance.
3. Imaging Tests – MRI or CT scans may be used to rule out neurological causes like stroke or brain tumors.
4. Blood Pressure and Blood Tests – To check for underlying cardiovascular or metabolic conditions.

Treatment Options

• Vestibular Rehabilitation Therapy – A specialized physical therapy to retrain the brain and improve balance.
• Medications – Antihistamines, anti-nausea drugs, or sedatives for vertigo or dizziness.
• Lifestyle Changes – Staying hydrated, avoiding sudden movements, and managing blood pressure can alleviate symptoms.
• Surgical Intervention – In rare cases, surgery may be necessary for conditions like Meniere’s disease or severe vestibular issues.

Prompt evaluation and treatment can significantly improve balance and reduce the risk of falls.

Related Treatments

• Balance & Dizziness (Vertigo)