Eczema – Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Eczema – Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment at Emirates Hospitals Group

Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a chronic skin condition that causes redness, itching, inflammation, and dryness. It can affect individuals of all ages, but it is more common in children and those with a family history of allergies or asthma. Although eczema is not contagious, it can significantly impact quality of life if left untreated. At Emirates Hospitals Group, our dermatology experts provide advanced diagnostic evaluations and personalized treatment plans to help manage and control eczema effectively.

Causes of Eczema

The exact cause of eczema is not fully understood, but it is believed to result from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Common triggers include:

• Genetic & Immune System Factors
  • Family history of eczema, asthma, or allergies
  • Overactive immune response causing inflammation
• Environmental Triggers
  • Exposure to allergens like dust mites, pet dander, or pollen
  • Weather changes, especially dry or cold climates
  • Harsh soaps, detergents, or skin irritants
• Lifestyle & Health Factors
  • Stress and emotional triggers
  • Hormonal changes, especially in women
  • Certain foods that may cause allergic reactions

Diagnosis of Eczema

At Emirates Hospitals Group, our dermatologists use the latest diagnostic methods to confirm eczema and rule out other skin conditions:

• Physical Examination – Evaluating skin symptoms, such as redness, scaling, and dryness.
• Patch Testing – Identifying allergic triggers that may be worsening the condition.
• Skin Biopsy (If Needed) – To differentiate eczema from other skin disorders.

Treatment Options for Eczema

• Medical Treatments
  • Prescription creams and ointments, including corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors
  • Antihistamines to relieve itching and inflammation
  • Antibiotics for secondary infections caused by scratching
• Skincare & Lifestyle Adjustments
  • Daily moisturizing with hypoallergenic lotions
  • Avoiding harsh soaps and irritants
  • Using humidifiers to maintain skin hydration
• Advanced Therapies
  • Light therapy (phototherapy) for severe cases
  • Biologic medications for chronic and resistant eczema