Decreased Bone Density – Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment

At Emirates Hospital, we emphasize the importance of maintaining strong and healthy bones. Decreased bone density, also known as osteopenia or osteoporosis, weakens bones and increases the risk of fractures. This condition often develops silently, with no symptoms until a fracture occurs, making early detection and preventive care essential.

Causes of Decreased Bone Density

A decline in bone density can result from various factors, affecting bone strength and overall skeletal health. Identifying the underlying cause is key to effective management.

• Aging: Bone loss accelerates with age, especially in postmenopausal women due to reduced estrogen levels.
• Hormonal Imbalances: Conditions like thyroid disorders, low testosterone, and estrogen deficiency can contribute to bone weakening.
• Nutritional Deficiencies: Lack of calcium, vitamin D, and protein impairs bone formation and increases fragility.
• Lifestyle Factors: Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and sedentary behavior negatively impact bone health.
• Medical Conditions & Medications: Chronic diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, kidney disease, and long-term steroid use can lead to bone loss.

Diagnosis of Decreased Bone Density

Early detection helps prevent fractures and complications. Common diagnostic methods include:

• Bone Density Scan (DEXA): Measures bone strength and identifies osteoporosis or osteopenia.
• Blood Tests: Assesses calcium, vitamin D, and hormone levels.
• X-rays & CT Scans: Detect fractures or severe bone loss.

Treatment Options of Decreased Bone Density

Managing decreased bone density focuses on strengthening bones and preventing fractures.

• Nutritional supplementation and dietary changes ensure adequate calcium, vitamin D, and protein intake to support bone health.
• Weight-bearing exercises and strength training improve bone mass and muscle support, reducing fracture risk.
• Medications and hormone therapy help slow bone loss and enhance bone regeneration, especially for individuals at high risk.

Related Treatments

• Hypopituitarism