Bleeding in Gums or Mouth – Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment

Bleeding in Gums or Mouth – Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment at Emirates Hospital Group

Bleeding gums or other bleeding in the mouth can be a sign of various issues, ranging from minor gum irritation to more serious underlying medical conditions. While occasional bleeding after vigorous brushing might not be cause for alarm, frequent or unexplained bleeding in the mouth warrants a visit to your dentist or doctor.

Causes:

Several factors can contribute to bleeding in the gums or mouth, including:

• Gingivitis: This is the most common cause, an inflammation of the gums due to plaque buildup. Poor oral hygiene is the primary culprit, leading to red, swollen gums that bleed easily.
• Periodontitis: A more advanced form of gum disease, periodontitis affects the supporting structures of the teeth, including bone, and can cause significant bleeding.
• Medications: Certain medications, such as blood thinners (anticoagulants) or antiplatelet drugs, can increase the risk of bleeding.
• Nutritional deficiencies: Lack of vitamin C or vitamin K can contribute to gum problems and bleeding.
• Oral cancer: While less common, oral cancer can sometimes present as bleeding gums or sores that don’t heal.
• Blood disorders: Conditions like thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) or hemophilia can affect blood clotting and lead to oral bleeding.
• Other causes: These can include ill-fitting dentures, infections, hormonal changes (pregnancy), or certain systemic diseases.

Diagnosis:

A dentist will examine your gums for signs of inflammation and assess your oral hygiene. They will also inquire about your medical history and any medications you’re taking. A doctor may be needed to investigate potential systemic causes. Diagnostic tests might include:

• Dental examination: To assess gum health and identify any dental issues.
• Complete blood count (CBC): To check for blood disorders.
• Blood clotting tests: To evaluate how well your blood clots.
• Biopsy: If oral cancer is suspected.

Treatment:

Treatment will depend on the underlying cause.

• Gingivitis/Periodontitis: Improving oral hygiene, including regular brushing and flossing, is essential. Professional cleaning (scaling and root planing) by a dentist may be necessary.
• Medication-related bleeding: Your doctor may adjust your medication dosage or recommend an alternative.
• Nutritional deficiencies: Supplements may be recommended.
• Oral cancer: Treatment may involve surgery, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy.
• Blood disorders: Treatment will depend on the specific disorder.

It is crucial to consult your dentist or doctor if you experience frequent or unexplained bleeding in your gums or mouth. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications and maintain your oral and overall health.

Related Treatments

• Hemophilia
• Dental Clinic