Acne or oily skin – Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment

Acne or oily skin – Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment at Emirates Hospitals Group

Acne and oily skin are common dermatological concerns affecting people of all ages, though they are particularly prevalent during adolescence. These conditions can manifest in various ways, from occasional pimples to widespread breakouts, significantly impacting an individual’s physical appearance and emotional well-being. They can range from mild annoyances to more severe issues that impact self-esteem.

Causes

Several factors contribute to acne and oily skin:

• Hormonal fluctuations: Hormonal changes, especially during puberty, can increase sebum production, leading to oily skin and clogged pores.
• Excess sebum production: The sebaceous glands in the skin produce sebum, an oily substance. Overproduction can lead to oily skin and acne.
• Clogged pores: Dead skin cells, oil, and bacteria can accumulate in pores, leading to blackheads, whiteheads, and pimples.
• Bacteria: Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) bacteria, which live on the skin, can contribute to inflammation and acne development.
• Genetics: A predisposition to acne and oily skin can be inherited.
• Diet: While the link is debated, some studies suggest that certain dietary factors, such as high-glycemic foods or dairy, may exacerbate acne in some individuals.
• Stress: Stress can trigger hormonal changes that worsen acne.

Diagnosis

Diagnosing acne and oily skin typically involves a visual examination by a dermatologist. They will assess the type and severity of acne, as well as any contributing factors. In most cases, further testing is not required.

Treatment

Treatment for acne and oily skin depends on the severity:

• Over-the-counter products: For mild acne, over-the-counter cleansers, toners, and creams containing ingredients like salicylic acid or benzoyl peroxide can be helpful.
• Prescription medications: For moderate to severe acne, a dermatologist may prescribe topical retinoids, antibiotics, or other medications.
• Oral medications: In some cases, oral antibiotics, hormonal therapy (for women), or isotretinoin (for severe cystic acne) may be necessary.
• Lifestyle changes: Washing the face regularly, avoiding picking or squeezing pimples, and managing stress can help improve acne.
• Skincare routine: Using non-comedogenic products (those that don’t clog pores) and maintaining a consistent skincare routine is important.

It’s essential to consult a dermatologist for persistent or severe acne, as they can provide personalized treatment recommendations and help prevent scarring.

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