Medullary Thyroid Cancer

Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a rare form of thyroid cancer that develops from C-cells in the thyroid gland, which produce the hormone calcitonin. Known for its unique biological behavior, MTC requires specialized diagnostic and treatment approaches. Emirates Hospitals is dedicated to providing expert care for MTC patients through a combination of advanced therapies and personalized support.

Unlike other thyroid cancers, MTC does not arise from the thyroid hormone-producing cells but from C-cells, making it distinct in its progression and treatment needs. MTC can occur as a part of a hereditary condition, often linked to genetic mutations, and may spread to nearby lymph nodes and organs if not treated early. Common symptoms include a neck lump, hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, and elevated levels of calcitonin in the blood. Early diagnosis and tailored treatment are key to managing this condition effectively.

Comprehensive Diagnostic Approach

Emirates Hospitals employs a thorough diagnostic process to accurately identify and stage MTC. This may include:

• Blood Tests: To measure calcitonin and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels, which are markers for MTC.
• Imaging: Ultrasound, CT, and MRI scans to assess the tumor size and spread.
• Genetic Testing: Recommended for patients with a family history of MTC, as it can help detect specific gene mutations linked to hereditary MTC.

Personalized Treatment Options

Our multidisciplinary team tailors MTC treatment to each patient, considering the cancer’s stage and individual health factors. Treatment options include:

• Surgery: Surgery is typically the primary treatment, involving removal of the thyroid gland and sometimes surrounding lymph nodes to prevent cancer spread.
• Radiation Therapy: External radiation may be used in specific cases to control cancer growth if surgery isn’t possible or to target remaining cancer cells post-surgery.
• Targeted Therapy: For advanced cases, targeted drugs can inhibit specific proteins responsible for MTC growth, helping to slow disease progression.
• Follow-Up and Monitoring: Continuous monitoring of calcitonin and CEA levels after treatment to detect any recurrence or residual cancer early on.