Pectus Correction

Pectus deformities, such as pectus excavatum (sunken chest) and pectus carinatum (protruding chest), are structural anomalies of the chest wall. These conditions, which may affect physical appearance and sometimes cardiopulmonary function, require careful evaluation and management. In the UAE, leading Emirates Hospitals offer state-of-the-art facilities and expert teams to address these conditions using advanced treatment modalities.

Surgical Treatment Options for Pectus Deformities

1. Nuss Procedure: The minimally invasive Nuss procedure is a preferred surgical method for correcting pectus excavatum. It involves inserting a curved metal bar beneath the sternum to elevate the chest. The procedure is highly effective and widely performed in leading Emirates hospitals by specialized thoracic surgeons.
2. Ravitch Procedure: For severe cases or complex deformities, the Ravitch procedure may be recommended. This open surgery involves the removal of abnormal cartilage and repositioning of the sternum. While more invasive, it provides excellent results for certain patients.
3. Custom Implants: For patients seeking cosmetic correction without altering skeletal structure, custom implants can provide a non-invasive solution. These are crafted to match the individual’s anatomy and enhance the chest’s appearance.

Non-Surgical Treatment Options for Pectus Deformities

1. Bracing Therapy: External bracing is a common noninvasive solution for patients with pectus carinatum. Customized chest braces are designed to gradually remodel the chest wall by applying consistent pressure. This treatment is most effective in adolescents whose bones are still developing. Emirates hospitals often provide tailored bracing programs monitored by experienced orthopedists and physiotherapists.
2. Physiotherapy and Exercise: Specific exercises targeting the chest and back muscles can help improve posture, alleviate mild symptoms, and enhance the cosmetic appearance of the chest. Physiotherapy is particularly useful as a supplementary treatment for individuals undergoing bracing or awaiting surgical correction.
3. Vacuum Bell Therapy: For mild to moderate cases of pectus excavatum, vacuum bell therapy is an effective, non-surgical option. The device uses suction to lift the sternum, gradually reshaping the chest wall. This method is widely available in Emirates hospitals and is often prescribed for younger patients with flexible cartilage.

Advanced Diagnostics for Pectus Correction

Accurate diagnosis is crucial in determining the appropriate treatment plan for pectus deformities. Emirates Hospitals leverage cutting-edge diagnostic tools to assess the severity and impact of these conditions:

1. 3D Imaging: High-resolution 3D imaging, such as CT scans and MRI, provides detailed visualization of the chest wall structure. This technology enables precise measurement of deformity indices, such as the Haller Index for pectus excavatum, which helps in evaluating the severity of the condition.
2. Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs): PFTs measure lung capacity and airflow to determine if the deformity affects respiratory function. These tests are essential for understanding the physiological impact of the chest wall anomaly.
3. Echocardiography: This noninvasive ultrasound technique assesses the heart’s function and structure, ensuring that any cardiac compression or displacement caused by the deformity is identified.
4. Exercise Stress Testing: By monitoring cardiopulmonary response during physical activity, stress tests help evaluate how pectus deformities influence exercise tolerance and overall stamina.
5. Photogrammetry: Advanced surface mapping techniques are used to document the external contours of the chest. This non-invasive tool aids in tracking progress during treatment, particularly for patients undergoing bracing or non-surgical interventions.
6. Genetic and Family History Analysis: For patients with a family history of pectus deformities or associated syndromes, genetic screening helps identify underlying causes and associated risks.