Achalasia

Achalasia is a rare esophageal motility disorder that impairs the ability of the esophagus to move food into the stomach due to the failure of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) to relax. At Emirates Hospitals, patients with achalasia receive world-class care from a team of gastroenterologists, thoracic surgeons, and dietitians. Using advanced diagnostic techniques and minimally invasive treatments, the hospital ensures effective symptom management and an improved quality of life for patients.

Understanding Achalasia

Achalasia occurs due to damage to the nerves in the esophagus, resulting in:

• Swallowing Difficulties (Dysphagia): Trouble swallowing solid foods and liquids.
• Regurgitation: Food coming back up after eating.
• Chest Pain and Discomfort: Often mistaken for heart conditions.
• Unintended Weight Loss: A common complication due to difficulty eating.

Causes and Risk Factors

The exact cause of achalasia is unknown, but it may be linked to:

• Autoimmune conditions.
• Viral infections.
• Genetic predispositions.

Diagnosis at Emirates Hospitals

• Endoscopy: Visual examination of the esophagus to rule out other conditions.
• Esophageal Manometry: Measures the muscle contractions and LES pressure, confirming the diagnosis.
• Barium Swallow Test: X-ray imaging that highlights the narrowing of the esophagus.

Treatment Options

Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and improving esophageal function:

• Medications: Muscle relaxants or calcium channel blockers to reduce LES pressure.
• Endoscopic Balloon Dilation: A minimally invasive procedure to stretch the LES.
• Botulinum Toxin Injections: Temporary relief by relaxing the sphincter muscle.
• Heller Myotomy: A surgical procedure that cuts the LES muscles to improve swallowing.
• Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy (POEM): An advanced, minimally invasive procedure performed via endoscopy.