Head & Neck Cancer

Head & Neck Cancer Treatment in Dubai at Emirates Hospitals Group. Head and neck cancer is a broad category that includes cancers affecting various parts of the head and neck region, such as the throat, larynx, nose, sinuses, and mouth. This type of cancer can have a significant impact on essential functions like breathing, speaking, and swallowing, making early detection and treatment vital. At Emirates Hospitals Group, we offer expert care for head and neck cancer, utilizing advanced diagnostic and treatment methods. Our team, led by some of the best oncologists in Dubai, ensures that every patient receives personalized and comprehensive care.

About Head & Neck Cancer

Head and neck cancer generally begins in the squamous cells lining the mucosal surfaces in areas like the mouth, nose, and throat. There are several types of head and neck cancers, depending on the area of origin, including:

• Oral cancer: Cancer that occurs in the mouth, including the lips, tongue, and gums.
• Laryngeal cancer: Cancer affecting the larynx or voice box.
• Pharyngeal cancer: Cancer found in the pharynx (throat), which is divided into the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and hypopharynx.
• Nasal and sinus cancer: Cancer that develops in the nasal cavity or the paranasal sinuses.
• Salivary gland cancer: A rare type of cancer affecting the salivary glands.

Head and neck cancers are typically aggressive, and if left untreated, they can spread to other areas of the body, making prompt diagnosis and treatment crucial.

Causes & Symptoms

Head and neck cancer has several risk factors, some of which are preventable. The most common causes include:

• Tobacco use: Smoking cigarettes, cigars, or pipes, as well as using smokeless tobacco, is one of the leading causes of head and neck cancer.
• Alcohol consumption: Excessive alcohol intake significantly increases the risk of developing these cancers.
• Human papillomavirus (HPV): Certain strains of HPV, particularly HPV-16, are associated with an increased risk of oropharyngeal cancer.
• Exposure to certain chemicals: Exposure to industrial chemicals, asbestos, and wood dust can contribute to an increased cancer risk.
• Poor oral hygiene: Lack of proper oral care and dental hygiene may contribute to the development of oral cancer.
• Genetic factors: Some individuals may be genetically predisposed to head and neck cancers.

The symptoms of head and neck cancer vary depending on the location but may include:

• A lump or sore that does not heal
• Persistent sore throat or difficulty swallowing
• Hoarseness or changes in the voice
• Unexplained weight loss
• Pain in the jaw or ear
• Persistent nasal congestion or nosebleeds
• Red or white patches in the mouth

Early symptoms may mimic less serious conditions, so it’s important to consult a specialist if symptoms persist.

Diagnosis

At Emirates Hospitals Group, we use a comprehensive approach to diagnosing head and neck cancer. Our diagnostic process typically involves:

• Physical examination: A thorough examination of the head, neck, mouth, and throat to identify any abnormalities or lumps.
• Imaging tests: CT scans, MRI scans, and PET scans are used to visualize the affected area and assess the size, location, and spread of the cancer.
• Endoscopy: A flexible scope with a camera is used to examine areas of the throat, nose, and sinuses.
• Biopsy: A tissue sample is taken from the affected area to confirm the presence of cancerous cells. This can be done using a fine-needle aspiration or a surgical biopsy.
• HPV testing: For oropharyngeal cancers, testing for HPV may be recommended to determine if the cancer is linked to the virus, which can affect treatment options.

Treatment

The treatment for head and neck cancer at Emirates Hospitals Group is tailored to the individual needs of each patient. Treatment options may include:

1. Surgery: Surgery is often the primary treatment for head and neck cancer. It involves removing the tumor and, if necessary, nearby lymph nodes to prevent the spread of cancer.
2. Radiation therapy: High-energy radiation is used to destroy cancer cells, either after surgery or as a standalone treatment in certain cases.
3. Chemotherapy: Medications are used to kill cancer cells, either in combination with radiation therapy or surgery for more advanced stages of cancer.
4. Targeted therapy: This involves using drugs that specifically target cancer cells while sparing healthy tissue. It’s often used in cases where tumors are fueled by specific genetic mutations.
5. Immunotherapy: This innovative treatment option boosts the body’s immune system to fight cancer, particularly in patients whose cancers are resistant to other forms of treatment.