Invasive Lobular Carcinoma (ILC)

Invasive Lobular Carcinoma (ILC) Treatment in Dubai at Emirates Hospitals Group. ILC originates in the lobules, which are the milk-producing glands of the breast. Unlike invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), which typically forms a distinct lump, ILC often presents with subtle changes in breast tissue, making it harder to detect via traditional imaging methods like mammograms. The cancer cells in ILC have a distinct “single-file” pattern, often described as “indistinct” or “non-mass-like,” which can lead to delays in diagnosis.

ILC can be hormone receptor-positive, hormone receptor-negative, or HER2-positive, influencing treatment options and prognosis. Due to its unique growth characteristics, ILC may also be more likely to be bilateral (affecting both breasts) and can sometimes recur after treatment.

Causes & Symptoms

Causes

The exact causes of ILC, like many breast cancers, remain unclear. However, several risk factors have been identified:

1. Genetic Factors: Inherited mutations in genes such as BRCA1 and BRCA2 can significantly increase the risk of developing breast cancer, including ILC.
2. Hormonal Influence: Estrogen plays a critical role in breast tissue development and may contribute to the growth of hormone receptor-positive breast cancers.
3. Age: The risk of breast cancer increases with age, with most cases diagnosed in women over 55.
4. Family History: A family history of breast cancer can elevate individual risk, often due to shared genetic or environmental factors.

Symptoms

Patients with ILC may experience symptoms similar to those of other breast cancers. Common signs include:

• Changes in Breast Shape or Size: A noticeable alteration in the breast’s appearance, often without a distinct lump.
• Thickening of Breast Tissue: Patients may notice a thickening in certain areas of the breast.
• Nipple Discharge: Unexplained discharge, especially if it is bloody or clear, may occur.
• Breast Pain or Discomfort: Some individuals may experience localized pain or tenderness.
• Skin Changes: Changes in the skin over the breast, such as dimpling or puckering, may also be observed.

Diagnosis

Diagnosing ILC involves a comprehensive approach, including:

1. Clinical Breast Examination: A thorough physical examination by a qualified oncologist to check for any abnormalities.
2. Imaging Studies: Mammograms and breast ultrasounds are typically used to visualize any suspicious areas. MRI scans may also be employed for further evaluation.
3. Biopsy: A definitive diagnosis is made through a biopsy, where a sample of breast tissue is collected and examined for cancerous cells. This may involve fine-needle aspiration, core needle biopsy, or excisional biopsy.
4. Pathological Analysis: A pathologist analyzes the biopsy samples to confirm the presence of ILC and determine its specific characteristics, including hormone receptor status and grade.

At Emirates Hospitals Group, we utilize advanced diagnostic technologies and techniques to ensure accurate and timely diagnosis, enabling us to formulate effective treatment plans tailored to each patient’s needs.

Treatment

The treatment of invasive lobular carcinoma is multi-faceted and depends on various factors, including the stage of the cancer, hormone receptor status, and individual patient characteristics. Common treatment options include:

1. Surgery: Surgical options may include lumpectomy (removal of the tumor along with some surrounding tissue) or mastectomy (removal of the entire breast), depending on the size and location of the tumor.
2. Radiation Therapy: Radiation therapy is often recommended following surgery, particularly after lumpectomy, to reduce the risk of recurrence.
3. Hormone Therapy: For hormone receptor-positive ILC, hormone therapy (such as tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors) may be used to block the effects of estrogen on cancer cells.
4. Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy may be recommended for patients with aggressive or advanced ILC, particularly if there is a risk of metastasis.
5. Targeted Therapy: In some cases, targeted therapies may be appropriate based on specific markers expressed by the tumor.