The secretion organ, which produces secretions for reproductive activities in men, under the bladder, just in front of the rectum, is called the “prostate”. Prostate cancer begins when cells in the prostate gland form tumor structures after abnormal and uncontrolled proliferation. Cancer cells can also settle in other organs or bone.
This type of cancer, which is seen only in men, is usually found after 65 years of age. As the prostate gland also grows with old age, urine flow is somewhat blocked, which can cause pain. This may be due to benign prostate enlargement, or it can be a sign of cancer. This disease, which does not show many symptoms, especially men who have this type of cancer in their family should pay attention to.
Symptoms Containing Suspected Prostate Cancer
- Bump or asymmetrical prostate in the prostate gland
- Urinary difficulty
- Difficulty in starting or stopping urine
- Frequent urination, especially at night
- Poor urine flow
- Urine flow that starts and stops instantly
- Pain or burning during urination
- Erection difficulty
- Pain during ejaculation
- Blood in semen and urine
Diagnostic Methods
- PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen) Test and Prostate Exam
- Multiparametric MR
- Prostate Biopsy
- MR-Ultrasound Fusion Biopsy
Prostate Cancer Stages
At stage 1, the tumor is only in the prostate. Sometimes it may be too small to be felt during the rectal examination. Gleason score is 6 or less. PSA level is below 10.
In the second stage, the tumor is in the prostate. However, the structure of the tumor has become aggressive. It may be noticeable on finger examination or the tumor grade may be high.
In the third stage, prostate cancer has spread beyond the prostate. It is usually spread over seminal sacs. However, it has not spread to the bones and lymph nodes.
In stage 4, prostate cancer has spread to the bladder, rectum, or tissues other than seminal sacs. There may also be spreading in the lymph nodes and bones around, liver and lung.
Treatment Methods
Depending on how localized the cancer is or how far it has spread, the effect of treatment varies.
- Surgery (prostatectomy)
- Radiation therapy (brachytherapy, external radiotherapy)
- Hormone therapy
- Chemotherapy
What is good for the prostate?
- Vitamin E
- Garlic, eggs and seafood containing selenium
- Zinc-rich nuts, milk and legumes
- Fruits and vegetables containing lycopene, such as tomatoes, watermelons and rosehips
- Whole grains, fruits and vegetables can be counted.
See Also: Prostate Cancer Screening
