It deals with the diagnosis and treatment of heart diseases of all children starting from the heart of the baby, which is still in the womb, until the age of 18. The heart takes its special shape with the differentiation of cells. The development of the heart is completed within two months after fertilization. The tubular heart before this time becomes an organ with 4 caps and 4 cavities within 60 days and continues to work throughout human life. Sometimes, developmental disorders can be detected in the heart of the unborn baby. Although some of these anomalies are not clinically important and may heal spontaneously, some of them can only be treated surgically. Although it has been suggested that heart conditions are caused by genetic and environmental factors, the reason for most of them is not yet fully known. Therefore, early diagnosis and diagnosis is vital.Although the vast majority of congenital heart diseases occur within one year after birth, some of them can also be noticed by fetal echocardiography performed during the control of the unborn baby. Heart conditions are usually noticed by the pediatrician during the routine examination up to the age of 1, and the diagnosis becomes clear as a result of the doctor’s referral to the family cardiologist. This is mostly because the findings are not at a level to disturb the family. In some cases, however, congenital heart conditions can show the following symptoms:
- Bruising
- Distressed breathing and respiratory infection
- A murmur in the heart
- Palpitations
- Quick fatigue
- Dizziness
- Fainting
- Chest pain
- Hypertension
- Not gaining weight
- Developmental disorder
Although some problems arising by the small holes between the atria and ventricles noticed by the pediatric cardiologist, the patient should be followed by the pediatric cardiologist. Causes of congenital heart conditions:
Genetic Factors: Approximately 9% of heart diseases in newborn babies are due to chromosome disorders. This damage, which is defined as microdeletion and can roughly be defined as fractures and breaks in chromosomes, is held responsible for heart diseases.
Metabolic Diseases: Metabolic diseases such as diabetes in expectant mothers cause 1% to 2% of all heart diseases in newborns.
Teratogenic Factors: Exposing the mother to cigarettes, alcohol, drugs, X-ray rays and chemicals during pregnancy and using certain medications may cause congenital heart problems.
