Early diagnosis in every disease is of great importance for the rapid and accurate progress of treatment. If the baby is suspected to be sick while in the womb, it is attempted to be diagnosed with triple screening tests or by taking a sample of amniocent fluid. Even if this is not the case, the screening test for metabolic diseases is applied to all newborns. To avoid false results, the blood sample taken from the heel should be tested 1 day after the baby begins to feed on protein foods. To obtain more accurate results, it is preferable to perform a blood test on the 2nd and 3rd day of the baby. In cases where he is discharged from the hospital in 1 day, heel blood sample can be taken within the first 24 hours. In such cases, parents should be informed that it would be good to have the test done again within 1-2 weeks.In premature babies, regardless of the treatment applied to the baby, a heel blood test should be performed on the 7th day. Early diagnosis, If the baby has a congenital metabolic or hormonal disease, its treatment is started as soon as possible thanks to early diagnosis and the negative consequences that may develop in the future are prevented.
How is the heel blood test done?
A few drops of blood taken from the heel of the baby are dried at room temperature on special filter paper and sent to the laboratory for analysis.
Surgical diseases of newborn children
During the development of the fetus, conditions such as genetically transmitted diseases, malformations, anomalies due to environmental factors, drugs used during the mother’s pregnancy, and disorders caused by advanced pregnancy may lead to diseases related to pediatric surgery.
- Anorectal Malformations: The intestines, the last part of the digestive system, are problems in the genital system, urinary tract, and in the last part of the large intestine (in the rectum). Rectum and anus, which should be separated from the urinary tract in the first trimester, are the diseases that are seen as a result of the failure to develop as they should be. Diseases such as stenosis of the anus, the anus in front, the anus being closed with the membrane, the rectum not joining the anus and the rectum joining the urinary tract are evaluated in this group.
- Congenital Duodenal Obstructions: Most of the intestinal obstructions occur in the duodenum (duedenum) region. Pathologies found in this region are mostly observed as duodenal atresia and annular pancreas. The diagnosis of duodenal atresia is made by radiological imaging and its treatment is possible by surgical operation.
- Ekstrofi Kloaka: In the 4th and 5th weeks of pregnancy, the tip of the urinary, genital and digestive system is in the form of a cloak. This gap is divided into two in the 6th week and becomes two separate spaces, front and back. When the cleavage does not occur, the condition of the anterior wall of the abdomen, known as cloaceous extrophy, does not close. Many structural defects may be accompanied by anus closure, intestinal absence or shortness, and urinary system disorders.
- Extrophy Vesia: Congenital anomaly, defined as the bladder being outside at birth, is called “extrophy vesica”. It is more likely to be seen in men. In most patients, inguinal hernia is also found. It may require more than one surgical operation.
- Gastroschisis: It is the exclusion of the intestines located in the abdominal opening on the right side of the umbilical cord and in some cases stomach and urogenital structures. The intestines are edematous and short.
- Omphalocele: Internal organs such as small intestines, colon, spleen and liver that should be located in the abdomen are located in a pouch outside the anterior abdominal wall.
- IHPS: This condition, which is defined as infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, indicates that the baby, who can be fed normally for 2 to 4 weeks after birth, vomits after feeding after this period. It is more common in baby boys.
- Jejunoileal Atresia: It is a condition that occurs as a result of structurally insufficient formation of some part of the small intestine of the baby in the womb. Increasing swelling in the baby after birth, defecation and vomiting are the first symptoms. The diagnosis is made as a result of radiological imaging.
- KDH: Congenital diaphragm hernia is a type of hernia caused by an oriental opening in the diaphragm muscle. It is a life-threatening situation. It requires urgent intervention.
- Meconium Ileus: Ileus is a type of obstruction in the intestines. It occurs when the baby’s first stool (meconium) sticks to the intestine. It shows symptoms such as abdominal swelling and vomiting.
- Esophageal Atresia: In esophageal atresia, which is defined as congenital closure of the esophagus, no part of the esophagus has formed.
